Introduction To Writing Proposals In Fifth Grade

Introduction To Writing Proposals In Fifth GradeThere are different types of persuasive essays. This article contains several fifth grade samples and you can choose the one that suits your needs. You can improve your writing skills by learning these basic techniques and take your essay writing to a higher level.* Researching: Nowadays, most people prefer to research their topic in a conversational format. So, they write in a style that reflects this fact. They make use of some basic conversational skills. First, they make use of the past tense; second, they make use of the present tense; third, they avoid the imperative of the verbs in the present tense and fourth, they simplify and improve the negative statements.* Introduction: This is a basic sentence structure used by most writers to start a paragraph or an essay. These sentences need to be simple and concise. They need to be modified a little in order to get the best out of the situation. They are used as guides in writing the r est of the sentences.* Conclusion: Here, the main idea is presented in the conclusion. In fact, the main idea is more important than the conclusion. It should be presented in such a way that it offers the learner of the material something to think about. It must not try to convince anyone to change his or her mind about a certain point or facts.* Statements: This is also called the central focus or the main theme of the essay. It is the most important aspect of the essay. Therefore, it should be presented in a clear and understandable manner.* Quotes: This is also called an author's statement. The writer of the essay will use these sentences as one of his or her main tools to persuade the reader of the subject. However, the sentence should not repeat a thought from one point to another.* Prosody: This is the style of writing that is used to emphasize certain sentences. It is necessary to know the prosody before beginning to write. They have been used in different cultures since anci ent times.These are the basic ideas and the ingredients needed for writing a persuasive essay. It can be a great opportunity for your child to learn how to write a persuasive essay.

AP US History Exam Scores What You Need for College

United States History is the second most popular Advanced Placement topic (after English Language), and over half a million students take the exam every year. With the exception of a few elite schools, most colleges and universities will award college credit for a score of 4 or 5 on the AP U.S. History exam.   About the AP U.S. History Exam The AP U.S. History exam takes 3 hours and 15 minutes. The time is broken down into a 95-minute section of multiple-choice and short-answer questions, and a 100-minute free-response section in which students write two essays. The exam covers the history of the United States from 1491  to the present. With 501,530 test-takers in 2018, the exam is the second most popular of all AP subjects. By comparison, 303,243 students took the AP World History Exam, and just 101,740 students took the AP European History Exam. The Advanced Placement United States History course and exam cover seven broad themes: American and National Identity. This theme includes topics such as foreign policy, citizenship, and constitutionalism. Students need to understand how American national identity and American exceptionalism developed.Politics and Power. This broad theme covers the development and evolution of different political and social groups over time.Work, Exchange, and Technology. With this theme, students need to understand how systems of economic exchange have developed including the ways that technology has affected those systems.  Culture and Society. This theme includes a wide range of topics such as important artistic and scientific ideas, the relationship between religious groups and politics, and the evolving place of gender and race in United States history.Migration and Settlement. The United States is a country composed largely of immigrants, and this theme covers everything from colonial settlement, later immigration trends, and internal migration.  Geography and Environment. Wi th this theme, students need to understand how the geography and natural resources of North America have affected both social and political developments in the U.S.American and the World. The final theme focuses on the evolving relationship between the United States and world affairs. AP United States History Score Information Advanced Placement exams are scored using a five-point scale. The mean score for the U.S. History  exam was a 2.66  in 2018, almost unchanged from 2017. 51.8% of students scored a 3 or higher indicating that they might qualify for college credit. The distribution of scores for the AP U.S. History exam is as follows: AP United States History Score Percentiles (2018 Data) Score Number of Students Percentage of Students 5 53,424 10.7 4 92,518 18.4 3 114,067 22.7 2 113,597 22.7 1 127,924 25.5 Reporting of AP exam scores to colleges is usually voluntary, so students who score down in the 1 and 2 range can choose to keep their scores from the admissions folks. College Credit and Course Placement for AP US History Many colleges and universities have a history requirement, and a high score on the AP U.S. History exam will sometimes fulfill that requirement. The table below provides some representative data from a variety of colleges and universities. This information is meant to provide a general overview of the scoring and placement information related to the AP US History exam. For other colleges, youll need to check the schools website or contact the appropriate Registrars office to get AP placement information. Youll also want to check with the schools below to make sure you are getting the most up-to-date information. AP U.S. History Scores and Placement College Score Needed Placement Credit Hamilton College 4 or 5 1 semester credit toward general requirements Grinnell College 4 or 5 HIS 111 and 112 LSU 3, 4 or 5 HIST 2055 or 2057 (3 credits) for a 3; HIST 2055 and 2057 (6 credits) for a 4 or 5 Mississippi State University 3, 4 or 5 HI 1063 (3 credits) for a 3; HI 1063 and HI 1073 (6 credits) for a 4 or 5 Notre Dame 5 History 10010 (3 credits) Reed College 4 or 5 1 credit; no placement Stanford University - No credit for AP U.S. History Truman State University 3, 4 or 5 HIST 104 (3 credits) for a 3 or 4; HIST 104 and HIST 105 for a 5 UCLA (School of Letters and Science) 3, 4 or 5 8 credits; fulfills American History requirement Yale University - No credit for AP U.S. History A Final Word About AP U.S. History If youre a senior taking AP United States History, you obviously wont have a test score in time for college applications. Nevertheless, the course will still help you in the college admissions process. The admissions officers want to see that you have taken the most challenging courses available to you, and Advanced Placement can play a meaningful role on that front, especially if you have strong grades from the first marking period. Finally, dont be discouraged if you received an exam score that doesnt earn you college credit. Your efforts havent been wasted, for taking AP classes helps prepare you for college-level courses and will help you succeed in college.

Westernization of India - 1470 Words

Over the years the civilizations of the world have adopted many of the West’s styles and ways of life. This â€Å"Westernization† has started a downward spiral in destroying the cultural diversity of the world. As one of the oldest nations in the sense of tradition and culture, India has been a land of sages, saints and various renowned scholars. Countless religious temples and shrines built in different parts of the nation expose the devotion to religion and family that dwells within all aspects of India’s culture. Everything was steady for India until a few decades back. Most of the people were farmers and survived on their pieces of land. They were satisfied with their earning and hardly had any time to think further. As a result tradition†¦show more content†¦The idea that the least work one has to do while making the most profit is the solution to the issues we face every day. This idea has caused the Indian government and society to fall into the m elting pot of greed and social labels. Westernization in India has caused many people to reject their traditional style of clothing and alter their daily life to conform to the styles of the Western part of the world. Families whose tradition it was to work on a farm and support themselves are now having to flee to the cities to find work due to their inability to survive with the low money they earn. By introducing the multitude of objects and eases of the western world the Indian culture has adopted the totalitarian system very familiar to the western world, one fueled by money and ego controlled by few members of India’s population. For Gandhi, the spirit and the soul of India rested in the village communities. He said, The true India is to be found not in its few cities, but in its seven hundred thousand villages. If the villages perish, India will perish too. Swadeshi is a program for long-term survival. Regardless of the few Indians who held steady to the idea that life worked better when the laziness of west ern comforts were out of the picture, the masses quickly pivoted India into a new direction deemedShow MoreRelatedCultural Globalization and Westernization698 Words   |  3 Pagesvalues, norms, and culture tends to promote Western capitalism. Westernization is the adoption of western traditions or techniques in different parts. Now days, cultural globalization could be considered as a branch of Westernization. In the past, and even today, globalization has been connected to Westernization. Many of those who have a â€Å"positive† view on globalization, often see it as an impact towards the Western world. Westernization is noted as a continuing process of globalization. With thisRead MoreConsequences Of Imperialism During The 19th Century997 Words   |  4 Pagestremendously beneficial to the imperialist powers, there were many consequences to the people of the countries that were colonized during this time period. Powers such as Great Britain, had much affect upon the countries that they colonized such as India and parts of West Africa. Their colonization of these countries changed the world in which these people lived in and affected these colonies negatively, by obstructing culture, opposing ways to live upon people, and creating racial oppression, andRead MoreFood Insecurity : A Brief Issues Paper Written For The Pacific Food Summit1585 Words   |  7 PagesFood Insecurity In India A Brief Issues Paper Written for the Pacific Food Summit Savanna Griffis (43819206) Words: 1572 Introduction Global food security has become one of the most prominent issues of the decade, as the world’s population, and thus the number of mouths to feed, is expected to reach 9.1 billion people by 2050. 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This westernization included giving women more rights, an attempt to eliminate the caste system and the loss of many of the more backward Hindu religious beliefs such as the domination of women by men and denying an entire class of people any rights. British occupation also did things long term for India. The modern technology and western customs allowed India toRead MoreThe Impact Of Cultural Imperialism And De-Westernization935 Words   |  4 PagesPresentation report The topic of the presentation is Cultural imperialism and de-westernization. The term cultural imperialism can be defined as broad cultural effects of imperialism including colonialism, but more recently, it tends to have the imperialistic impact of global capitalism. Cultural imperialism is recognized as a kind of form of the Western hegemony in which a way of cultural power to dominate other national cultures throughout the world that is not only through the entertainment butRead MoreWesternization And Its Effects On Globalization And Westernization1134 Words   |  5 Pagesculture of the United States. Assimilation can also create things, such as the religion of Vodun. However, this does not negate the fact that assimilation and its effects - globalization and westernization - are any less harmful or that they do not play a role in the erasure of small cultures. Westernization can be both a hindrance and advantage to smaller societies, as larger nations can provide technology, k nowledge, and aid to smaller cultures, yet they are also a reason why many of these smallerRead MoreWesternization Is The Result Of The Contact Between Western And Non Western Cultures962 Words   |  4 PagesWesternization is the result of the contact between western and non-western cultures. Beginning in the fifteenth century and playing out until the nineteenth century, colonialism and neo-imperialism by means of the Euro-Atlantic economy’s authority, played a major part in the spread of western culture. For example, even after decolonizing and becoming their own countries with their own governance, many former-colonies adopted aspects of western politics, even if they firmly opposed other aspectsRead MoreWesternisation of Indian Culture882 Words   |  4 PagesCorruption in Public life If two or more persons meet together and start talking about the present society of India, they soon come to the conclusion that every system, every institution of India is infested with corruption. Corruption has become so common in public life. Corruption means perversion of morality, integrity, character of duty out of mercenary motives (e.g. bribery) without regard to honor, right or justice. Simultaneously, those who genuinely deserve those things as their right remainRead MoreIndia was granted independence from the British on 15 August 1947. Her to path independence was not1300 Words   |  6 PagesIndia was granted independence from the British on 15 August 1947. Her to path independence was not because of one person or just one movement. It was rather a collection of multiple events which were both violent and nonviolent in nature. In essence the Indian Independence Movement lasted nearly a century starting with the Sepoy rebellion(1857) to the formation of the Indian National Congress to the Salt Satyagraha(1929) to the Quit India Movement (1942) and finally Independence in the 1947. In

The Immigration Problem Of Immigration - 1735 Words

Since the 1970’s, the distinction between criminal law and immigration law has become increasingly blurred. In many jurisdictions around the world, undocumented immigration was long considered a civil offence in which violation resulted in fines and deportation. Now, however, illegal crossings are often treated as criminal violations carrying overly punitive consequences such as incarceration in harsh detention centers. The ever-evolving assortment of laws and enforcement measures concerning immigration, as well as negative rhetoric in politics and media, has resulted in migrants being ascribed the stigma of ‘criminal’, ‘alien’ or ‘terrorist’. This paper will explore the criminalization of immigration phenomenon broadly by detailing the†¦show more content†¦Essentially, our social reality is influenced by the state-constructed definition of what is ‘crime’ which often reflects the values of the upper class (Persak, 2 016). For example, the trend seen in many cities in the United States of criminalizing homelessness through so called ‘get tough’ policies reflects the upper classes desire for public health and safety, protection of economic interests in business districts and the maintenance of city aesthetic. Although, these policies do not address the causes of homelessness rather they exacerbate the problem and violate the liberties and human rights of citizens (Foscarinis, Cunningham-Bowers Brown, 1999). Criminalization is perhaps the most repressive and intrusive applications of state power on a citizen and is often implemented, as is the case with the homeless, to target the ‘less-desirable’ social groups (Persak, 2016). Moreover, while formal criminalization in the form of legislation and criminal consequences for infringement works as a social control, it is not the only form of criminalization that occurs. Informal criminalization may in some cases be a more eff ective form of social control and ultimately lead to formal criminalization of behavior or come as a result of formal legislation. As stated by Hauptman (2013), informal social control measures are any social influences on compliance notShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Immigration And Immigration1940 Words   |  8 Pagespaper will examine the problem of Immigration and Immigration Law. I will first discuss what Immigration Law is and how it works, then I will define the number one problem of immigration laws, â€Å"illegal immigration† and why it’s so important to follow procedures. It will also address the consequences after violating the laws. Next the paper discusses three policy solutions to the problems of illegal immigration: Legalization of Immigrants, Strengthen Border Security, and Immigration Amnesty. The paperRead MoreImmigration Problem Of Illegal Immigration1530 Words   |  7 Pagescountry has its own unique problems. One of its greatest problems is that of illegal immigration. Recently, the country has been made aware that its illegal immigration problem that it is working so hard to correct, is frankly failing. To date, it has seemingly not done its best to correct the issue though. America must fix the major problem of illegal immigration before it becomes too out of hand. The existing American immigration policies fail at regulating immigration from the Mexican border dueRead MoreIs Immigration A Problem?900 Words   |  4 PagesImmigration What is immigration? Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence. â€Å"Some people say that immigration is the next major issue the country must face,† but the question remains. Is immigration a problem we must face? There are some bad effects like greater poverty and education costs, but the good certainly outweighs the bad. There are many good outcomes from immigrants, but the top five are: economic gain, increase in culturalRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration1508 Words   |  7 Pagesshould first know what are the causes then they can suggest solutions to fix the problem or block it. Illegal immigration has been a problem that has plagued the United States for many years. Most people wish to find solutions to help the United States to prevent illegal immigrations. Since the number of illegal immigrants is increasing and there have not been any positive solutions to prevent or reduce this problem, man y researchers keep researching for helpful solutions. Although the United StatesRead MoreImmigration Is A Big Problem1874 Words   |  8 PagesImmigration is a big problem in the United States. This paper analysis the people immigrate to U.S. in legal and illegal ways and the cause of it are the safe and economic problems in their home country. The legal immigrants can have most of the same rights as a U.S. citizens and have more opportunities. However, illegal immigrants don t have the same right and also increase the criminal problem in the U.S. . The cost of illegal immigration control is the serious problem for United Stated governmentRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration1046 Words   |  5 PagesRecently, illegal immigration has been a major issue that has affected many civilians in America. This problem has been made from migrates who try to enter the country of America without any form of identification, currency, education, or medical stability. These immigrants als o bring disease, drugs, weapons, and cartels. The main problem America is having with illegal immigrants is that they are difficult to provide for. Many migrants are using the government as a source of income. Our economy canRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration2622 Words   |  11 Pagesunfortunately some we do not hear about ever again. Illegal immigration occurs around the whole world. People come from China, Japan, Ireland, Cuba, El Salvador, but where we hear where they come from the most is from Mexico. Many of them mainly come to have a better life or achieve the â€Å"American Dream† and if not for them, then they send their children so they can have a decent education and then they can help their family out. Now, illegal immigration is a serious issue that has been trying to be dealtRead MoreThe Problem Of Illegal Immigration3985 Words   |  16 PagesIllegal immigration, particularly of unaccompanied minors and single mothers, has increased to an unmanageable level and become a contentious and confusing political topic. This paper will effort to outline the current situation by providing background of the issue here in the US, describe the drivers that lead to the peoples’ emigration from their largely Central American home countries – including an examination of US responsibility in t he destabilization of these countries, - and what measuresRead MoreThe Growing Problem Of Illegal Immigration871 Words   |  4 Pages2016 The Growing Problem of Illegal Immigration Every year, millions of immigrants pour into the United States illegally. Are there any possible solutions to this trend? Immigrants cross the border either by the means of, swimming, using fake documents or by the means of using work visas. â€Å"Nearly half of the 12 million-plus illegal aliens in America arrived legally with non-immigrant visas,† said David Seminara, a tenured member of the U.S. Foreign Service (Illegal Immigration). 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Australian Migration Law and Practice Immigration

Question: Discuss about theAustralian Migration Law and Practice for Immigration. Answer: Introduction In this case of Malhi v Minister for Immigration Anor [2017] FCCA 119 (2 February 2017) the Minister for Immigration and Border Protection made an complain against the applicant Amanpreet Singh Malhi who was intended to get an residency visa at Australia where he married to a woman Ms. Teresa Bartlett who is a citizen of Australia. The Minister for Immigration and Border Protection had some doubt that the applicant may want a visa for permanent residency in Australia. Discussion Malhi v Minister for Immigration Anor [2017] FCCA 119 (2 February 2017) This is a case of Migration act 1958 (CTH). The applicant is a male citizen of India, aged about 26, who was sponsored by a woman, aged about 52 was citizen of Australia. This is an issue of partner visa. It was processed by the Federal Circuit Court on February 2017[1]. The applicant Amanpreet Singh Malhi applied for a partner visa on 13 October 2011 according the sec- 65 of the Migration act 1958 on the facts that he will marry to his sponsor Ms. Teresa Bartlett[2]. However, the consulates reject the visa process. Therefore, he applied to the court for allowed him to the visa for Australia. On 13 February 2014, he applied to the tribunal for allowing the decision but they also reject the visa of the applicant because the tribunal court think that applicant and sponsor unable to establish the reasons of permanent partner visa. Therefore, the applicant again applied to the Federal Court for review decisions of the delegated legislation. In Australian the Federal Court, have powers to review court decisions according the Migration Act 1958. The Federal Court only reviews those cases, which have any kind of judicial errors. The court first investigates that, previous court decision wether made according to the law or not. Applicant has rights to apply to the Federal Court for review the decision. At time of application applicant needs to fulfill the cl.801.221 of sch.2 of the Migration Regulation act 1994[3]. The Tribunal court gave its decision before applicant applied for the revision. The court gathered some evidence, which was submitted, by the applicant and the sponsor. They submitted some documents before the tribunal court make the decision[4]. The sponsor or spouse defines in the sec of 5F of Migration act 1958 that the person who is married as in hisher relationship status , they must share a mutual commitments to each other , their relation must be genuine and must live together or may live separately for temporary basis. According the cl.801.221 of sch.2, the applicant failed to establish the terms of sec-5F, so the court reject the visa process according the sec 65 of Migration Act 1958. But after submitted the above mentioned documents the Tribunal court invite the applicant to appear in the court according the sec-360 of Migration Act 1958 where the court accept the relation between the applicant and his sponsor under the sub-reg.1.15A(3) of the Regulations[5]. In this matter, the Tribunal court has made some doubts about the applicants motive to marry someone who was aged about 52 years not able to bear any children asnd they do not discussed about to get a child in future. There are some more doubts of about the relation between applicant and sponsored whether that was genuine or to get the citizenship of Australia because the sponsor is citizen of Australia[6]. In the court, Judge Jones tried to observe the relationship motive between the applicant and his sponsor. He doubts that there may be other reasons or purpose to get the visa. However, the court comes to that decisions that the jurisdiction error where Tribunal court gave so much importance on that issue for come to a decision. The tribunal court only gave importance on the intension of having the partner visa. Whereas, the Federal Court gave Judgments that the tribunal court made a judicial error at the time of giving decision. It is described that there is no need for the partie s to live with each other or show that they love each other in a romantic sense for establish the facts of genuine relation. The applicants motive was gaining a permanent visa residency in Australia and the relation with his spouse is immaterial. Conclusion The court ordered a writ of review decisions of lower court directed to the second respondent Administrative Appeals Tribunal for rejects which was establish on 20 March 2015. Court also ordered to the first respondent the Minister for Immigration and Border Protection. Reference Hammar, Tomas.Democracy and the nation state. Routledge, 2017. Hawthorne, Lesleyanne. "The impact of skilled migration on foreign qualification recognition reform in Australia."Canadian Public Policy41.Supplement 1 (2015): S173-S187. Malhi v Minister for Immigration Anor [2017] FCCA 119 (2 February 2017) Merla, Laura. "Salvadoran migrants in Australia: An analysis of transnational families capability to care across borders."International Migration53.6 (2015): 153-165. Peters, Margaret. "Immigration, Delegation, and International Law." (2017). Schilling, Meredith. "Migration law [Book Review]."Victorian Bar News160 (2016): 96. Segrave, Marie, et al. "Submission to the Senate Legal and Constitutional Affairs Committee: Migration Amendment (Family Violence and Other Measures) Bill 2016." (2016).

How Does Achebe Depict Ibo Culture in ‘Things Fall Apart’ free essay sample

How does Achebe depict Ibo culture in ‘Things Fall Apart’? Chinua Achebe’s, Things Fall Apart, is a story of a traditional village in Nigeria from inside Umuofia around the late 1800s. This novel depicts late African history and shows how the British administrative structure, in the form of the European Anglican Church, imposed its religion and trappings on the cultures of Africa, which they believed was uncivilized. This missionary zeal subjugated large native populations. Consequently, the native traditions gradually disappeared and in time the whole local social structure within which the indigenous people had lived successfully for centuries was destroyed. Achebe spends the first half of the novel depicting the Ibo culture, by itself, in both a sophisticated and primitive light describing and discussing its grandeur, showing its strengths and weaknesses, etiquettes and incivilities, and even the beginning of cultural breakdown before the introduction of the missionaries. The collapse of the old culture is evident soon after the missionaries arrived, and here Achebe utilises two of the primary missionary figures, Mr. We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Achebe Depict Ibo Culture in ‘Things Fall Apart’? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Brown and Mr. Smith, to once again depicts both sides of the Ibo culture between them, with Mr. Brown depicting the sophisticated and Mr. Smith depicting the primitive aspects. The main focus in this novel is on one man, Okonkwo, the protagonist who symbolises the many Nigerians, or Africans who were struggling against the white missionaries, who brought their religion and policies and imposed them on Okonkwo’s and the other surrounding tribes. Achebe also shows how great the effect is when something as seemingly un-invasive, such as a church, is set up in a Nigerian or African Culture. Among other issues, Achebe illustrates clearly the way the white Europeans see things from their cultures perspective. An example of this is shown when the District Commissioner describes the Ibo as people from â€Å" Primitive Tribes of the Lower Niger. † Achebe starts off the novel portraying the Ibo culture as organised, with complex laws and customs, established over time which held the communities together. Even though the Ibo are described as ‘primitive and savage’ by Mr. Smith, one of the missionary church leaders, the tribesmen evidently show their etiquette through their mannerisms. Proverbs, a form of Ibo mannerisms, are used quite frequently throughout this novel as ‘the art of conversation is regarded very highly [by the Ibo], and proverbs are the palm-oil with which words are eaten. ’ (Achebe. P. 5:1986) The Ibo people are also not as violent and savage as many of the missionaries believed. This is shown when a villager from the Mbaino village kills a woman from the Ibo village, the Ibo village elders and those with titles, instead of initiating war against the neighbouring Mbaino, reach a peaceful agreement on the reparations from the Mbaino tribe. ‘†¦ [A]t the end it was decided to follow the normal course of action. An ultimatum was immediately dispatched to Mbaino asking them to choose between wars on the one hand, and on the other the offer of a young man and a virgin as compensation. † (P. ) Achebe also expands on the reflection of the Ibo peoples of being civil, depicting the civilised aspects of the Ibo religion. Another example similar to the peaceful reparation, previously mentioned, is the week of peace before the beginning of the harvest season, required of the Ibo villages. This was a sacred time for the Ibo people. Before anyone was allowed to plant their crops, it was required that they live in peace with their neighbours for one week to honour Ani, the great goddess of the earth. It was said that if this peace is broken then they will not receive a blessing from Ani and their crops will not grow. Achebe demonstrates how important this week was to the Ibo people through Okonkwo’s breaking of this law, by beating his wife Ojiugo, with the priest of the earth goddess, Ezeani, stating that â€Å"The evil [Ojiugo has] done can ruin the whole clan. † (P. 22) It was also a shocking moment for Ibo people when they heard of Okonkwo’s nso-ani, (breaking of the peace) during this week, because â€Å"it was the first time for many years that a man had broken the sacred peace. (P. 22) Reference to these examples by Achebe displays his attitude towards the Ibo culture which, up until this point, has been relatively positive, depicting the Ibo culture as a civilised and sophisticated one. There are passages in this novel, however, that implies a more critical attitude on Achebe’s part. Despite the sophisticated aspects of the Ibo tribe, they sti ll perform parts of their system of belief which are considered uncivilised and primitive. However, these measures can be considered a way of dealing with difficult or unpleasant circumstances. One example Achebe uses to depict the injustices in Ibo culture, is where it was believed that a child who died and return to its mother to be reborn again, several times, was the work of an evil spirit or an ogbanje child. If this occurs then a ‘medicine-man’ would â€Å" bring out a sharp razor from the goatskin bag slung from his left shoulder and mutilate the child. † (P. 56) It was assumed that in doing this that the ogbanje child â€Å"†¦would think twice before coming again. † (P. 57) Twins, like an ogbanje child, were also greatly feared and were â€Å"thrown away† (P. 9) at birth. Both of these examples show how the Ibo tribe rely on their primitive systems of belief to deal with incomprehensible circumstances. Nearer the end of the novel, Achebe finalises and concludes the two differing depictions of the Ibo culture through the use of two of the Anglican churches missionary leaders, Mr. Brown and Reverend James Smith. These two leaders , between themselves, depict the two different aspects of Ibo culture after the missionaries arrived. Firstly the examples involving Mr. Brown, the first church leader, shows the various benefits and advancements that the introduction of the missionaries brought to the Ibo people and their culture. Although he doesn’t achieve his original goal of converting as many of the tribesmen as possible, Mr. Brown does succeed in starting educational and health systems to the benefit of the Ibo people. Occasionally in the novel he starts arguing with some of the villages, but through this he learns much about the sophisticated structure and beliefs of the Ibo culture. Mr. Brown sees Achebe’s original depiction of the Ibo as a developed society and soon becomes more concerned for the people of Umuofia’s needs (Okonkwo’s village) than for his own goals. A good example of this was when he warns the villages of the threats they face from the white man by preaching to the villagers that â€Å"if Umuofia failed to send her children to the school, strangers would come from other places to rule them†. (P. 130) Achebe’s second depiction of the Ibo culture is portrayed by Mr. Smith, who in contrast to Mr. Brown, acknowledges and depicts the primitive aspect of Ibo culture. Mr. Smith’s aim also contrasts with Mr. Brown’s, believing in converting only those who are worthy of god. He was also more openly opposed to the perceived primitive spiritual beliefs and methods of the Ibo people as they seemed barbaric to him. Both Mr. Smith and the District Commissioner only noticed the extreme uncivilised acts, such as the mutilation of an ogbanje child, which â€Å" filled them with wrath † (P. 132) Therefore the depiction that the Ibo were primitive and savage was again replayed through these characters. Mr. Smith additionally displays the negative effect the missionaries had on the Ibo people. An example of this can be seen in Mr. Smiths lack of appreciation for Ibo cultures pre-existing structure and beliefs and led him to cause trouble within the village, by hiding Enoch who had killed an â€Å"ancestral spirit† (P. 134) drawing the anger of the other tribesmen. In Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, a dual depiction of the Ibo culture is displayed. Firstly Achebe describes the Ibo culture, prior to the missionaries, as sophisticated by noting examples where civilities were conducted and observed by members of the tribe. Achebe additionally used the Ibo religion and culture as supporting examples of this depiction and portrays them throughout the novel. The Ibo culture is also depicted as primitive and unjust by Achebe. This is noted in the primitive aspects of the Ibo people’s system of belief which appears uncivilised and unjust. These examples of the Ibo culture are then combined with and redisplayed by the other primary method that Achebe uses to depict the dual aspects of Ibo culture, the two missionaries figures. Firstly Mr. Brown is utilised in a way that acknowledges the sophisticated structure and beliefs of the Ibo culture and improvement brought to the Ibo people through the missionaries involvement in the village. Alternatively Mr. Smith is only utilised in a way that only notices the extreme uncivilised acts committed by the Ibo people, and escalating rift between them and the missionaries. Bibliography Achebe, C. 1986. All Things Fall Apart. Heinemann Educational Publishers. Oxford.

The Scarlet Letter Themes Essay Essay Example

The Scarlet Letter Themes Essay Essay Example The Scarlet Letter Themes Essay Paper The Scarlet Letter Themes Essay Paper Essay Topic: The Scarlet Letter The Scarlet Letter is a novel that describes the psychological torment of two rule characters. Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimondale. They are both enduring under. while trying to come to footings with. their common wickedness of criminal conversation in a rigorous Puritan society. As critics instantly recognized upon publication of the novel in 1850. one of its chief subjects involved struggle between the person and society. Hawthorne represents the austere and baleful force of Puritan society in the first sentence of the first chapter. where he describes a â€Å"throng of bearded work forces. in sad-colored garments and grey. † who stand before the prison door â€Å"which was to a great extent timbered with oak. and studded with Fe spikes. † and behind which was Hester Public Guilt V. Private Guilt Possibly the foremost intent of The Scarlet Letter is to exemplify the difference between dishonoring person in public and leting him or her to endure the effects of an unfair act in private. Harmonizing to the legal legislative acts at the clip and the prevalent sentiment of maintaining in conformity with a rigorous reading of the Bible. criminal conversation was a capital wickedness that required the executing of both fornicator and adulteress–or at the really least. terrible public bodily penalty. Indeed. even if the hubby wanted to maintain his married woman alive after she committed criminal conversation. the jurisprudence insisted that she would hold to decease for it. It is in this environment that Hester commits criminal conversation with Dimmesdale. but we come to see that the public shaming can non get down to account for all the complexnesss of the illicit relationship–or the context of it. What Hawthorne sets out to portray. so. is how the private ideas. the private anguish and guilt and emotional devastation of the people involved in the matter. are more than adequate penalty for the offense. We wonder whether the province or society has any right to enforce jurisprudence in private affairs between citizens. Does adultery truly hold no impact upon the lives of others? If non. it should non be seen as a offense against the small town. A more charitable reading of the Bible would come subsequently in contemplations on the New Testament reading of criminal conversation jurisprudence. viz. . that the public need non step in to penalize a offense when we ourselves have our ain wickednesss to be judged. Each individual suffers enough already for his or her ain wickednesss. Punishment vs. Forgiveness One of the more compelling subjects of the novel is embodied by Chillingworth. who seems the supreme authority of moral judgement in the narrative. since Dimmesdale–the curate and the supposed purveyor of righteousness–is himself tainted as a party to the offense. Chillingworth is surprisingly forgiving of Hester’s offense. We sense that he understands why she would abandon him. After all. he is deformed. he is older. he has non been nearby. while she is beautiful and passionate. Indeed. we get the feeling that Chillingworth’s self-loathing allows him to forgive Hester. but this property besides increases the inexorability and fury with which he goes after Dimmesdale. In Dimmesdale. he sees the energy and passion which Hester desires and which he himself does non possess. Like a bloodsucker. he’s out to suck Dimmesdale of his life force. non merely to penalize the curate for the offense of fornicating with his married woman. but besides to symbolically appropriate Dimmesdale’s virility. And as the novel continues. Chillingworth seems to turn stronger while Dimmesdale seems to weaken. That form continues until Dimmesdale dies in an act of rebelliousness. his public presentation of guilt. which basically leaves Chillingworth stripped bare of his power to penalize or forgive. The Scarlet Letter The vermilion missive is symbolic in a figure of different ways. but possibly most in the ways that the evildoers choose to have on it. Hawthorne’s productive image for the novel was that of a adult female charged with criminal conversation and forced to have on the missive A upon her apparels. but upon have oning it. decided to add fancy embellishment as if to allow the missive as a point of pride. Hawthorne read about this pick in an existent instance in 1844. recorded it in his diary. and therefore The Scarlet Letter was born as Hester Prynne’s narrative. Hester. a knitter by trade. sees the missive as a load laid on by society. an act of community-enforced guilt that she is forced to bear. even though it seems to do small difference for her private ideas. Dimmesdale. nevertheless. as the town curate. wears his ain vermilion A burned upon his flesh. since it is the community’s fury he fears the most. Therefore we see the difference between a adult female who has made peace with the offense. publically confesses. and endures the enduring the community imposes. and a adult male who imposes his ain penalty because he can non bear to uncover the offense to the community. Civilization vs. Wilderness Pearl embodies the subject of wilderness over against civilisation. After all. she is a sort of incarnation of the vermilion missive: natural state. passionate. and wholly unmindful to the regulations. mores. and legal legislative acts of the clip. Pearl is artlessness. in a manner. an individualistic passionate artlessness. So long as Dimmesdale is alive. Pearl seems to be a magnet that attracts Hester and Dimmesdale. about demanding their rapprochement or some kind of energetic rapprochement. But every bit shortly as Dimmesdale dies. Pearl seems to lose her energy and becomes a normal miss. able to get married and absorb into society. The deduction is therefore that Pearl genuinely was a kid of lecherousness or love. a merchandise of activity outside the boundaries imposed by rigorous Puritan society. Once the fire of love is extinguished. she can decently absorb. The Town vs. the Woods In the town. Hester normally is confronted with the legal and moral effects of her offense. Governor Bellingham comes to take her kid off. Chillingworth reminds her of her title. and she faces Dimmesdale in the context of evildoer ( his repute remains stainless despite his function in the matter ) . But whenever Hester leaves the town and enters the forests. a traditional symbol of unchecked passion without boundaries. she is free to rediscover herself. The forests besides traditionally emblematize darkness. In the darkness of dark. Hester is free to run into Dimmesdale. to squeal her scruples. and to populate apart from the torture and loads of the guilt enforced by the community. Dimmesdale excessively is free at dark to expose his guilt on the scaffold and reconcile with Hester. Memories vs. the Present Hester Prynne’s discourtesy against society occurred seven old ages earlier. but she remains punished for it. Hester learned to forgive herself for her criminal conversation. but society continues to contemn her for it. One might retrieve Jean Valjean’s lasting individuality as condemnable after a individual minor offense in Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables. ) Indeed. Hester reaches peace with her matter and in that peace comes to see the town as insufficiently forgiving in its ideas and attitudes. Pearl is adequate of a reminder of the wild picks in her yesteryear. and as Pearl grows up. Hester continues to popul ate in the present instead than in the yesteryear. Reverend Dimmesdale. interim. is haunted in the present by wickednesss past and seems to reflect ( along with Chillingworth ) the town’s inclination to penalize long after the discourtesy. In stamp downing his ain confession. Dimmesdale remains focused on coming to footings with a iniquitous past alternatively of looking forthrightly at the jobs of the present. Many of the major subjects of The Scarlet Letter are introduced in the gap scene. Some of these subjects were sin. nature’s kindness to the condemned and the drab life style of puritan society. The first chapter has small action but it sets up these major subjects. The tone of the whole narrative was set in this chapter. The opening scene of The Scarlet Letter. many major subjects were introduced. Sin Sin is a portion of mundane life. Nathaniel Hawthorne’s novel. The Scarlet Letter. revolves around the subject of wickedness and the effects it has on the head. organic structure. and soul A wickedness was committed by three of the chief characters in the novel and throughout the fresh Hawthorne attempts to indicate out that wickedness. no affair how fiddling or how significant. is still sin. There have been arguments on precisely who is the biggest evildoer. but in Hawthorne’s instance. I think he believes that the wickednesss were equal and throughout the novel he develops each of them. seeking to acquire the reader to understand is concluding. Adultery. which was the wickedness environing two of the chief characters. Hester Prynne and Arthur Dimmesdale. was the wickedness in which the novel was based on. Hester committed criminal conversation with Dimmesdale. a Puritan curate. and had a kid ( Pearl ) as life cogent evidence of her wickedness. She confessed her wickedness and was looked down upon by the citizens populating in the town. â€Å"She would go the general symbol at which the sermonizer and moralist might indicate. and in which they might animate and incarnate their images of woman’s infirmity and iniquitous passion. Basically. she was an illustration of what cipher should go The wickedness of criminal conversation was confessed by one of the two. but Arthur Dimmesdale decided to maintain it a secret. which in clip torus him apart. Bing a curate. he was afraid of the effects that would ensue from his confession. so for seven long old ages he and Hester kept it a secret. and were neer seen together in public Roger Chillingworth. Hester’s hubby. and the other evildoer in this novel. sought retaliation on whoever the male parent to Pearl was. He oon suspected Dimmesdale. and would non rest until got retaliation on him. Chillingworth pretended to be a physician and was to take attention of Dimmesdale. but at the same clip he was easy poisoning him and penalizing him physically and mentally. As you can see wickedness was apparent in all three of these characters’ lives. Hawthorne non merely dealt with merely the wickedness. but how sin can impact a individual if non professed To travel even deeper into the first subject. Hawthorne. throughout the novel. explains how unconfessed wickedness can eat off at the scruples and destruct the psyche. Hester. who had confessed her wickedness of criminal conversation. wore the vermilion A as a symbol of her faithless wickedness and through most of the novel lived as a societal castaway in the Puritan society. She was looked at as an illustration of what non to be. Pearl. Hester’s lively. unmanageable girl is the populating consequence of Hester’s wickedness. and for the most portion the two lived together in shame and guilt. In the terminal. as a consequence of Hester’s confession. the wickedness does non destruct her. but alternatively makes her stronger and braver and she flourishes in malice of the symbol on her thorax. Dimmesdale. who committed criminal conversation with Hester. delaies until the wickedness wholly destroys him before he confesses. Throughout the narrative. while Hester was being put through the shame of her wickedness. Dimmesdale hides his wickedness. neglecting to call himself the other fornicator or claim Pearl as his girl. His alleviation shortly comes in the tragic stoping. as Dimmesdale confesses his criminal conversation and stands openly with Hester and Pearl. As he eventually admits his wickedness. his guilty scruples is lifted and he frees himself from Chillingworth’s appreciation. which allows him to eventually decease. free of guilt. Sin was. without a uncertainty. a major portion of these three characters’ lives. and Hawthorne does a great occupation of uncovering that to his readers. He points out the immorality in each character. and explained how wickedness haunted Arthur Dimmesdale until he volitionally confessed it. Through his thorough account of each of the three characters and their functions in the novel. he decidedly proves that wickedness is every bit awful no affair how unlogical it may look. Nature’s kindness The prison was really black and worn down and old. It was really unforgiving for the captives. The lone mark of hope was a rosebush that grew near the prison. But on one side of the orifice land rooted about on the threshhold. was a wild rosebush. covered. in this month of June. with its delicate Jaish-i-Mohammeds. which might be imagined to offer their aroma and delicate beauty to the captive as he went in. and to the condemned felon as he came away to his day of reckoning. † Nature was the lone thing sort to the condemned. This subject was really of import later in the book when Dimmesdale. Hester and Pearl met in the wood. A major them in The Scarlet Letter was nature’s kindness to the condomned Revenge Revenge is a dish best served cold. ( And with a side of french friess. But isn’t everything best served with a side of french friess? ) Roger Chillingworth seems to hold. as you can no uncertainty state by the highly frigid sham name that he chooses. He spends seven old ages psychologically tormenting Hester’s lover Dimmesdale. maintaining him alive merely so he can squash out just†¦ a†¦ little†¦ . more retribution. Unfortunately. retaliation in The Scarlet Letter is besides served with an unexpected side: the loss of humanity. It turns out that God is the lone 1 who gets to make the revenging around these parts. and he’s got a small surprise for our anti-hero Justice and Judgment Some Torahs can straddle the religious/secular divide reasonably comfy. Stealing? We’re reasonably certain God wouldn’t want you to make that. Murder? Decidedly non. But what about driving without your licence? Or making some minor imbibing ( which Shmoop firmly disapproves of ) ? Does God care about those Torahs? If you lived in Puritan America as represented by The Scarlet Letter. the reply would be yes: there’s no difference between God’s jurisprudence and man’s jurisprudence. Breaking colonial jurisprudence is the same as interrupting God’s jurisprudence. On the one manus. great: at least there’s lucidity. right? On the other manus. the conflation of God’s jurisprudence with man’s jurisprudence creates an intolerant. autocratic society with no room for human errors. Not excessively cool The Forest and the Wilderness To the townsfolk. the wood is the unknown. It’s outside of the town. it’s full of American Indians and chilling animals and worst of all. and it’s utterly lawless. The town is ruled by jurisprudence and faith ; the forest a topographic point of passion and emotion. We see this when the storyteller compares Hester’s castaway province to a wood: â€Å"She had wandered. without regulation or counsel. in a moral wilderness ; as vast. as intricate and shady. as the wild forest† . In other words. Hester is cast out of the regulations and order of the town. forced to populate in a metaphorical wood: a wilderness of shadowy right and incorrect. Obviously. Hester’s small bungalow is â€Å"on the outskirts of the town†¦ out of the domain of that societal activity which already marked the wonts of the emigrants† . Into the Forests But while the Puritans seem to be sort of terrified of the wood. the storyteller isn’t. In fact. the storyteller associates Nature with kindness and love from the really beginning of this narrative. when the wild rosebush reminds all that â€Å"the deep bosom of Nature could feel for and be sort to him† . It’s non that the forests are all sugariness and visible radiation. They can be unsafe. excessively. Here. the wood seems to stand for possible: that portion of human nature that can’t be squashed and beaten into entry. It’s a topographic point where the psyche can be free. with all its wild passions and brainsick thoughts and secret sorrows ; it’s a topographic point for Hester and Dimmesdale to run into in purdah. and love. and anguish where they â€Å"deeply† can cognize each other If life on the town is all surface and visual aspect and regulations. so life in the wood is all deepness and emotion. And you can’t unrecorded like that- you can’t unrecorded in the forests. But you sure can see every one time in a piece